The Importance of Land-Use Legacies to Ecology and Conservation
Abstract
Recognition of the importance of land-use history and its legacies in most ecological systems has been a major factor driving the recent focus on human activity as a legitimate and essential subject of environmental science. Ecologists, conservationists, and natural resource policymakers now recognize that the legacies of land-use activities continue to influence ecosystem structure and function for decades or centuries—or even longer—after those activities have ceased. Consequently, recognition of these historical legacies adds explanatory power to our understanding of modern conditions at scales from organisms to the globe and reduces missteps in anticipating or managing for future conditions. As a result, environmental history emerges as an integral part of ecological science and conservation planning. By considering diverse ecological phenomena, ranging from biodiversity and biogeochemical cycles to ecosystem resilience to anthropogenic stress, and by examining terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in temperate to tropical biomes, this article demonstrates the ubiquity and importance of land-use legacies to environmental science and management.
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Widespread agricultural land use by the mid-Holocene is evidenced by altered fire regimes that may have transformed vegetation structure and species composition across many regions, with woodland ecosystems from the Mediterranean to the Tropics increasingly recognized as bio-cultural legacies of long histories of prior human use.
“Widespread agricultural land use by mid-Holocene is further evidenced by altered fire regimes that may have transformed vegetation structure and species composition across many regions, with woodland ecosystems from the Mediterranean to the Tropics increasingly recognized as the bio-cultural legacies of long histories of prior human use (50, 74, 78–84).”
From Used planet: a global history (2013) · cites this paper as [83]
To be effective in conserving ecosystems and biodiversity altered by millennia of human interaction, ecological science and conservation will need to go beyond the view of humans as a recent disturbance and incorporate a solid theoretical and historical understanding of the dynamics of human populations and land-use systems and their role in shaping ecosystems over the long term.
“To be effective in conserving ecosystems and biodiversity altered by millennia of human interaction, ecological science and conservation will need to go beyond the view of humans as a recent disturbance and incorporate a solid theoretical and historical understanding of the dynamics of human populations and land-use systems and their role in shaping ecosystems over the long term (83, 115, 118).”
From Used planet: a global history (2013) · cites this paper as [83]
The implicit view from the Anthropocene that humans have reached a historical moment in which wild nature is threatened by an accelerating and unchecked expansion of human use of land is challenged by a view that humans are ancestral shapers and stewards of Earth's terrestrial surface.
“the implicit view from the Anthropocene that humans have reached a historical moment in which “wild nature” is threatened by an accelerating and unchecked expansion of human use of land is challenged by a view that humans are ancestral shapers and stewards of Earth’s terrestrial surface (82, 83).”
From Used planet: a global history (2013) · cites this paper as [83]
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- Authors
- FOSTER, D., SWANSON, F., ABER, J., BURKE, I., BROKAW, N., TILMAN, D., & KNAPP, A.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- US Forest Service (US)
- University of Puerto Rico System (PR)
- Kansas State University (US)
- Venue
- BioScience
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2003
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 77
- ISSN
- 0006-3568 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2098341261
- Cited by
- 1,213
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 42 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 61 · 2019: 97 · 2018: 66 · 2017: 61 · 2016: 85 · 2015: 64 · 2014: 83 · 2013: 51 · 2012: 60
- FWCI
- 28.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- BioScience (publishedVersion)
- BioOne Complete (BioOne) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Ecosystem dynamics and resilience
- Keywords
- land use legacy, land use history, environmental history, ecosystem structure and function, biodiversity, biogeochemical cycles, ecosystem resilience, anthropogenic pressure, conservation planning, environmental management, anthropogenic impacts
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